Charges backed by a meter, not a formula.

Submetering ends that conversation. When each suite has its own meter with its own interval history, the number on a statement stops being an opinion. It also protects the landlord, because a heavy user is no longer being quietly subsidised by everyone else in the building.

The system produces per tenant consumption, apportioned common area costs and branded monthly statements, all generated from the same historian that the live dashboards read. A tenant can be given read only access to their own data, which in practice reduces billing queries substantially.

Practical constraints are usually electrical rather than technical. Suites that share panels are common in older buildings, and multi circuit branch meters can often separate them without re wiring, though sometimes the honest answer is that a clean split needs electrical work.